Management of the patient with diabetes mellitus and hypertension
Authors:
Andrej Dukát
Authors‘ workplace:
Lekárska fakulta Univerzity Komenského, Bratislava
Published in:
Forum Diab 2018; 7(1): 18-22
Category:
Overview
Diabetes mellitus and hypertension represent important comorbidities, contributing to the high mortality in this patient group. Therefore they are also called as the lethal duo. Last decades are characterized by pandemia of metabolic syndrome and diabesity and subsequent very high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This extremely severe problem of populations all over the world all the time increases. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension represent duo, which represents the largest contribution to the extremely high cardiovascular mortality. Hypertension and as well as diabetes mellitus alone represent diseases with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The presence of both conditions increases this risk 2–4 times and are continuous variables.
Key words:
arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, epidemiology, therapy
Received:
18. 12. 2017
Accepted:
18. 1. 2018
Sources
1. Hypertension Primer: The Essentials of High Blood Pressure: Basic Science, Population Science, and Clinical Management. JL.Izzo JL, SicaD, Black HR (eds). 4th ed. Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams Wilkins: Dallas 2007. ISBN 978–0781782050.
2. Rydén L, Grant PJ, Anker SD et al. ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD. The Task Force on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and developed in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Eur Heart J 2013: 34(39): 3035–3087. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/eht108>. Erratum in Eur Heart J 2014; 35(27): 1824.
3. Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H et al. [European Associa-tion for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (EACPR)]. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice 2012. The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardio-vascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine socie-ties and by invited experts). Eur Heart J 2012; 33(13): 1635–1701. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092>. Erratum in Eur Heart J 2012; 33(17): 2126.
4. Rydén L, Standl E, Bartnik M et al. [European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)]. Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases: executive summary. The Task Force on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Eur Heart J 2007; 28(1): 88–136. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehl260>.
5. Harrison´s Principles of Internal Medicine. Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL (eds) et al. 18th ed. McGraw-Hill: New York 2012. ISBN 978–0071748896.
6. Cushman WC, Evans GW, Byington RP et al. [ACCORD Study Group]. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 2010; 362(17): 1575–1585. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1001286>.
7. Parving HH, Brenner BM, McMurray JJ et al. Cardiorenal endpoints in a trial of aliskiren for type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2012; 367(23): 2204–2213. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1208799>.
8. Bangalore S, Kumar S, Lobach I et al. Blood pressure targets in subjects with type 2 diabe-tes mellitus/impaired fasting glucose: observations from traditional and bayesian random-effects meta-analyses of randomised trials. Circulation 2011; 123(24): 2799–2810, 9 p following 810. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.016337>.
9. Adler AI, Stratton IM, Neil HA et al. Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study. BMJ 2000; 321(7258): 412–419.
10. Yusuf S, Teo KK, Pogue J et al. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med 2008; 358(15): 1547–1559. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0801317>.
11. Sattar N, Preiss D, Murray HM et al. Statins and risk of incident diabetes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomised statin trials. Lancet 2010; 375(9716): 735–742. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140–6736(09)61965–6>.
12. Shen S, Shah J, Reyes JJ et al. Role of diuretics, β blockers, and statins in increasing the risk of diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance: reanalysis of data from the NAVIGATOR study. BMJ 2013; 347: f6745. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f6745>. Erratum in BMJ 2014; 348: f1339.
13. Weber MA, Bakris GL, Jamerson K et al. Cardiovascular events during differing hyper-tension therapies in patients with diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 56(1): 77–85. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.02.046>.
14. Cannon CP, Blazing MA, Giugliamo GP et al. Ezetimibe added to Statin Therapy After Acute Coronary Syndromes. N Engl J Med 2015; 372(25): 2387–2397. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1410489>.
15. Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Camuthers SG et al. [HOT Study Group]. Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. . Lancet 1998; 351(9118): 1755–1762.
16. Bundy JD, Li C, Stuchik P et al. Systolic blood pressure reduction and risk of cardiovascu-lar disease and mortality: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA Cardiol 2017; 2(7): 775–781. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2017.1421>.
17. Yancy CW, Bonw RO. New Blood Pressure-Lowering Targets-Finding Clarity. JAMA Cardiol 2017; 2(7): 719–720. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2017.1422>.
18. Bhatt DL, Eagle KA, Ohman EM et al. Comparative determinants of 4-year cardiovascular event rates in stable outpatients at risk of or with atherothrombosis. JAMA 2010; 304(12): 1350–1357. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.1322>.
19. Cushman WC, Evans GW, Byington RP et al. [ACCORD BP Study Group]. Effects of Intensive Blood-Pressure Control in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. N Engl J Med 2010; 362(17): 1575–1585. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1001286>.
20. Dukát A. Ako je to vlastne s potrebou dosahovania cieľových hodnôt krvného tlaku pri antihypertenzívnej liečbe v primárnej i sekundárnej prevencii v súčasnosti? Čo môžeme očakávať v kombinovanej antihypertenzívnej a hypolipidemickej liečbe u pacientov s artériovou hypertenziou v budúcnosti? Interná Med 2016; 16(5): 195–197.
Labels
Diabetology Endocrinology Internal medicineArticle was published in
Forum Diabetologicum
![Issue 1](https://www.forumdiabetologicum.sk/media/cache/resolve/journal_issue/media/image/da8052a382ea1847285120660bd4868f.jpeg)
2018 Issue 1
Most read in this issue
- PCSK9 inhibitors and the role of evolocumab in the therapy for patients with hyperlipoproteinemia
- Vildagliptin: experience and prospects
- A consensual therapeutic recommendation for type 2 diabetes mellitus by the Slovak Diabetes Society (2018)
- Comprehensive approach in the management of patients with diabesity